Retrospective studies on the prevalence of uropathogens in Sokoto metropolis

This retrospective study was conducted at Specialist Hospital Sokoto, Sokoto State to outline the causative agents associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs) and to compare the prevalence of UTI among sexes and age groups. The cases seen between November, 2013 and October, 2014 were included in the study. Total number of patients in the study was 1,120 (589 male and 631 female). Total number of patients with positive urine culture was 525, while 638 were culture negative and 57 were neither decided (positive or negative). The rate for positive culture was 52.4% for male patients and 47.6% for female patients. Age range indicated 11.1% are ≤ 18 years of age, while 88.9% accounts for patients >18 years. The study revealed that Escherichia coli (26.9%) and Staphylococcus spp. (26.9%) were the common causative organisms, followed by Klebsiella spp. (16.4%), Proteus spp. (13.1%), Citrobacter spp. (6.5%) and others accounting for 10.3% (Streptococcus spp., 3.8%, Enterobacter spp., 3.4% and Pseudomonas spp., 3.1%). Most commonly preferred antibiotics in the study were Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Cefotaxime, Cotrimoxazole, Nalidixic acid, Nitrofurantoin, Ceftazidime, Ampicillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Amoxicillin/ Clavulanic acid and Gentamicin. Cotrimoxazole displayed a high resistant rate of 84.2%, while Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid showed a high susceptibility rate of 88.8% to all isolates. The study creates awareness on the causative agents of UTIs as well as the prevalence of UTI among sexes and age group in Sokoto Metropolis. The study also creates awareness on the susceptibility pattern of the causative agents.